fnmatch

bernd dot ebert at gmx dot net (2012-07-13 11:21:47)

There is a problem within the pcre_fnmatch-Function concerning backslashes. Those will be masked by preq_quote and ADDITONALLY by the strtr if FN_NOESCAPE is not set -> something like "*a(*" will finally result in "#^.*a\\(.*$#". Note the double backslash which effectively does NOT mask the "(" correctly.

Since preq_quote always matches a backslash I don't think that this'll work with using preg_quote at all.

me at rowanlewis dot com (2010-09-30 22:58:43)

Here's a definitive solution, which supports negative character classes and the four documented flags.

<?php
    
    if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
        define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
        define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
        define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
        define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
        
        function fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags = 0) {
            return pcre_fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags);
        }
    }
    
    function pcre_fnmatch($pattern, $string, $flags = 0) {
        $modifiers = null;
        $transforms = array(
            '\*'    => '.*',
            '\?'    => '.',
            '\[\!'    => '[^',
            '\['    => '[',
            '\]'    => ']',
            '\.'    => '\.',
            '\\'    => '\\\\'
        );
        
        // Forward slash in string must be in pattern:
        if ($flags & FNM_PATHNAME) {
            $transforms['\*'] = '[^/]*';
        }
        
        // Back slash should not be escaped:
        if ($flags & FNM_NOESCAPE) {
            unset($transforms['\\']);
        }
        
        // Perform case insensitive match:
        if ($flags & FNM_CASEFOLD) {
            $modifiers .= 'i';
        }
        
        // Period at start must be the same as pattern:
        if ($flags & FNM_PERIOD) {
            if (strpos($string, '.') === 0 && strpos($pattern, '.') !== 0) return false;
        }
        
        $pattern = '#^'
            . strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), $transforms)
            . '$#'
            . $modifiers;
        
        return (boolean)preg_match($pattern, $string);
    }
    
?>

This probably needs further testing, but it seems to function identically to the native fnmatch implementation.

Sinured (2008-03-19 13:04:13)

An addition to my previous note: My statement regarding the FNM_* constants was wrong. They are available on POSIX-compliant systems (in other words, if fnmatch() is defined).

theboydanny at gmail dot com (2007-11-29 10:31:32)

About the windows compat functions below:
I needed fnmatch for a application that had to work on Windows, took a look here and tested both. Jk's works for me, soywiz didn't (on WinXPSP2, PHP 5.2.3).
The only difference between them is addcslashes (soywiz) instead of preg_quote (jk). They _should_ both work, but for some reason soywiz's didn't for me. So YMMV.
However, to make JK's fnmatch() work with the example in the documentation, you also have to strtr the [ and ] in $pattern.
<?php
$pattern = strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.', '\[' => '[', '\]' => ']'));
?>
And thanks for the functions, guys.

Sinured (2007-07-30 10:14:30)

Possible flags (scratched out of fnmatch.h):
...::...

FNM_PATHNAME:
> Slash in $string only matches slash in $pattern.

FNM_PERIOD:
> Leading period in $string must be exactly matched by period in $pattern.

FNM_NOESCAPE:
> Disable backslash escaping.

FNM_NOSYS:
> Obsolescent.

FNM_FILE_NAME:
> Alias of FNM_PATHNAME.

FNM_LEADING_DIR:
> From fnmatch.h: /* Ignore `/...' after a match.  */

FNM_CASEFOLD:
> Caseless match.

Since they’re appearing in file.c, but are not available in PHP, we’ll have to define them ourselves:
<?php
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
// GNU extensions
define('FNM_FILE_NAME', FNM_PATHNAME);
define('FNM_LEADING_DIR', 8);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
?>

I didn’t test any of these except casefold, which worked for me.

Frederik Krautwald (2007-06-12 10:30:38)

soywiz's function still doesn't seem to work -- at least not with PHP 5.2.3 on Windows -- but jk's does.

soywiz at NOSPAM dot php dot net (2007-01-20 19:40:26)

A revised better alternative for fnmatch on windows. It should work well on PHP >= 4.0.0

<?php
    if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
        function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
            return @preg_match(
                '/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '/\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'),
                array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string
            );
        }
    }
?>

jk at ricochetsolutions dot com (2006-12-13 05:39:08)

soywiz's function didnt seem to work for me, but this did.

<?php
if(!function_exists('fnmatch')) {

    function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
        return preg_match("#^".strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.'))."$#i", $string);
    } // end

} // end if
?>

soywiz at php dot net (2006-07-17 19:12:05)

A better "fnmatch" alternative for windows that converts a fnmatch pattern into a preg one. It should work on PHP >= 4.0.0

<?php
    if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
        function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
            return @preg_match('/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'), array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string);
        }
    }
?>

jsnell at networkninja dot com (2006-03-02 19:12:10)

The last line of soywiz at gmail dot com windows replacement should be changed to:
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '$/i', $string);
otherwise, a pattern for *.xml will match file.xml~ or any else anything with the text *.xml in it, regardless of position.

soywiz at gmail dot com (2005-07-26 04:07:49)

A "fnmatch" alternative that converts the pattern, to a valid preg one and uses preg_match then. It will work on windows.

<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
    for ($op = 0, $npattern = '', $n = 0, $l = strlen($pattern); $n < $l; $n++) {
        switch ($c = $pattern[$n]) {
            case '\\':
                $npattern .= '\\' . @$pattern[++$n];
            break;
            case '.': case '+': case '^': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '{': case '}': case '=': case '!': case '<': case '>': case '|':
                $npattern .= '\\' . $c;
            break;
            case '?': case '*':
                $npattern .= '.' . $c;
            break;
            case '[': case ']': default:
                $npattern .= $c;
                if ($c == '[') {
                    $op++;
                } else if ($c == ']') {
                    if ($op == 0) return false;
                    $op--;
                }
            break;
        }
    }

    if ($op != 0) return false;

    return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '/i', $string);
}
}
?>

phlipping at yahoo dot com (2003-08-06 03:59:18)

you couls also try this function that I wrote before I found fnmatch:
function WildToReg($str)
{
$s = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
$c = $str{$i};
if ($c =='?')
$s .= '.'; // any character
else if ($c == '*')
$s .= '.*'; // 0 or more any characters
else if ($c == '[' || $c == ']')
$s .= $c; // one of characters within []
else
$s .= '\\' . $c;
}
$s = '^' . $s . '$';
//trim redundant ^ or $
//eg ^.*\.txt$ matches exactly the same as \.txt$
if (substr($s,0,3) == "^.*")
$s = substr($s,3);
if (substr($s,-3,3) == ".*$")
$s = substr($s,0,-3);
return $s;
}
if (ereg(WildToReg("*.txt"), $fn))
print "$fn is a text file";
else
print "$fn is not a text file";